Câu điều kiện loại 2- Công thức, cách dùng, bài tập áp dụng

• Were + S +(not) + to_inf

Ex:
If they offered you the job, would you accept?
→ Were they to offer you the job, would you accept?
( Nếu họ đề nghị bạn một công việc, bạn có đồng ý không?)

She would hurt herself if she fell.
→Were she to fall, she would hurt.
( Nếu cô ấy ngã, thì cô ấy sẽ bị đau.)

Lưu ý 4: Were có thể được dùng thay cho was (với các chù từ Ị, he, she, it) trong mệnh đề if nhất là trong mịnh đề “If I were you”

• If Tom were rich, he would have a car. [Or: If Nick was rich,…]
  (Nếu Tom giàu có, anh ấy sẽ mua một chiếc xe ô tô.)

• I’d go out if it weren’t raining. [Or: …it wasn’t raining]
  (Giá như trời không mưa thì tôi sẽ di chơi)

• If I were you, I would accept the invitation. [Or: If I was you,…]
  (Nếu tôi là anh, tôi sẽ chấp nhận lời mời của họ)

Lưu ý 5: Không dùng would trong mệnh đề điều kiện (if-clause)

• If I ate cake, I’d get fat. [NOT-If I wouId eat-cake,…]
  (Nếu tôi ân bánh, tôi sẽ bị mập.)

Nhưng would có thể được dùng trong mênh đề if khi chúng ta đưa ra lời yêu cầu.

• If you’d like to come this way, the doctor will see you now.
  (Vui long đi lối này, bác sĩ sẽ khám cho bà.)

Biến thể câu điều kiện loại 2

1. Biến thể ở mệnh đề chính

• If + S+ past simple, S + would /could/might/had to…. + be V-ing

– Could và might cũng có thể được dùng trong mệnh đề chính để nói đến khả năng có thể xảy ra.

Example:

• If she had a camera, she could take some photos.
  (Giá như cố máy ảnh, cô ấy có thể chụp vài tấm hình.)
  [could take = would be able to take]

• If Rachel worked harder, she might do even better than at her study.
  (Giá như Rachel học chăm hơn thỉ kết quà học tập của cô ấy cố thể còn tốt hơn nữa.)

2. Biến thể ở mệnh đề If

• If + S + Past Continuous, S + would/could + V-inf

Example:
If you were working, I wouldn’t bother you. (Nếu bạn đang bận làm việc tôi sẽ không làm phiền bạn đâu.)

• If + S + Past Perfect, S + would/could + V-inf

Example:

• If he hadn’t called me last night, I couldn’t get up early.
  ( nếu tối qua anh ấy không gọi tôi, thì tôi không thể dậy sớm được.)

 

Bài tập câu điều kiện loại 2

1. Hoàn thành các bài tập bên dưới sử dụng câu điều kiện loại 2
(Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets.)

I can’t tidy my room now. If I ………………………. more free time, I ……………………………. it. (have | tidy)
My job isn’t well-paid. Provided that I ……………………… a lot of money, however, I ………………………….
round the world. (earn | travel)
I spend a lot of time learning English. If I ………………………….. English, I …………………………… studying
Spanish or French. (not learn | try)
I have to meet my business partner. But if I ………………………… some time to spare, I ………………………..
a museum. (have | visit)
I don’t know if my friend needs help. Suppose he …………………………. my help, I ………………………………
(need | not refuse)
I can’t imagine that there would be someone in my bedrrom. I ………………………….. if I ……………………..
a stranger in it. (scream | find)
My teachers are OK. If I …………………………… my teachers, however, I ………………………………….. them.
(can’t stand | never tell)
I’ve never won a lottery. But I …………………………. my job if I …………………… a million. (not quit | win)
You can rely on Jim. But if he ……………………… about it, I …………………………….. him. (forget | remind)
Do you want me to pay in advance? I ………………………….. in advance on condition that I ………………….
a discount. (pay | get)

Đáp án

If I had more free time, I would tidy it.
Provided that I earned a lot of money, however, I would travel round the world.
If I did not learn English, I would try studying Spanish or French.
But if I had some time to spare, I would visit a museum.
Suppose he needed my help, I would not refuse.
I would scream if I found a stranger in it.
If I couldn’t stand my teachers, however, I would never tell them.
But I would not quit my job if I won a million.
If he forgot about it, I would remind him.
I would pay in advance on condition that I got a discount.

2. Bài tập viết lại câu sử dụng câu điều kiện loại 2

Ví dụ:
My car is out of order. I won’t drive you there.
If my car wasn’t out of order, I would drive you there.
_______________________________________________________

I don’t know his address. I can’t contact him.
If I ………………………… his address, I could contact him.
He is ill. He can’t go skiing.
If he wasn’t ill, he ……………………… skiing.
He doesn’t like tomatoes. He won’t eat the salad.
If he …………………….. tomatoes, he would eat the salad.
I travel on my own because I speak English.
I wouldn’t travel on my own if I ……………………………………. English.
We don’t have enough room in our house. You can’t stay with us.
If we …………………. enough room in our house, you could stay with us.
You aren’t lucky. You won’t win.
If you were lucky, you ……………………………… .
I go to bed early because I work so hard.
I wouldn’t go to bed early if I …………………………………. so hard.
I am eighteen. I can vote.
If I ……………………. eighteen, I couldn’t vote.
Go to Corfu. You may like it.
If you went to Corfu, you ……………………………… it.
You’ll manage it. Don’t panic.
You would manage it if you ………………………………………. .

Đáp án:

If I knew his address, I could contact him.
If he wasn’t ill, he could go skiing.
If he liked tomatoes, he would eat the salad.
I wouldn’t travel on my own if I didn’t speak English.
If we had enough room in our house, you could stay with us.
If you were lucky, you would win.
I wouldn’t go to bed early if I didn’t work so hard.
If I wasn’t | weren’t eighteen, I couldn’t vote.
If you went to Corfu, you might like it.
You would manage it if you didn’t panic.

3. Hoàn thành các câu sau với động từ gợi ý trong ngoặc

I can’t tidy my room now. If I ………………………. more free time, I ……………………………. it. (have | tidy)
My job isn’t well-paid. Provided that I ……………………… a lot of money, however, I ………………………….
round the world. (earn | travel)
I spend a lot of time learning English. If I ………………………….. English, I …………………………… studying
Spanish or French. (not learn | try)
I have to meet my business partner. But if I ………………………… some time to spare, I ………………………..
a museum. (have | visit)
I don’t know if my friend needs help. Suppose he …………………………. my help, I ………………………………
(need | not refuse)
I can’t imagine that there would be someone in my bedrrom. I ………………………….. if I ……………………..
a stranger in it. (scream | find)
My teachers are OK. If I …………………………… my teachers, however, I ………………………………….. them.
(can’t stand | never tell)
I’ve never won a lottery. But I …………………………. my job if I …………………… a million. (not quit | win)
You can rely on Jim. But if he ……………………… about it, I …………………………….. him. (forget | remind)
Do you want me to pay in advance? I ………………………….. in advance on condition that I ………………….
a discount. (pay | get)

Đáp án:

If I had more free time, I would tidy it.
Provided that I earned a lot of money, however, I would travel round the world.
If I did not learn English, I would try studying Spanish or French.
But if I had some time to spare, I would visit a museum.
Suppose he needed my help, I would not refuse.
I would scream if I found a stranger in it.
If I couldn’t stand my teachers, however, I would never tell them.
But I would not quit my job if I won a million.
If he forgot about it, I would remind him.
I would pay in advance on condition that I got a discount.

4. Có một lỗi sai trong mỗi câu. Đánh dấu và viết câu trả lời đúng ngay bên cạnh-sử dụng câu điều kiện loại 2

Ví dụ:
If you helped me, we will finish in time. would finish_____
__________________________________________________________________________________
I can’t go out. Believe me, I wouldn’t stay at home if I’m not ill. _______________
If my mum was younger, she studied at university. _______________
I can’t afford this car. But I’d buy it if I have more money. _______________
I don’t speak French. If I’d speak French, I’d live in Provence. _______________
If you aren’t my best friend, I wouldn’t tolerate your behaviour. _______________
Paul is unemployed. He would be happier if he founded a job. _______________
He doesn’t want to do the exam. But he could enter university if he’d pass it. _______________
I don’t know his phone number. I’ll text him if I knew it. _______________
They wouldn’t travel to Egypt if they can’t stand hot weather. _______________
If I were you, I should listen to your parents. _______________

Đáp án:

I can’t go out. Believe me, I wouldn’t stay at home if I’m not ill. I wasn’t | weren’t
If my mum was younger, she studied at university. would study
I can’t afford this car. But I’d buy it if I have more money. had
I don’t speak French. If I’d speak French, I’d live in Provence. I spoke
If you aren’t my best friend, I wouldn’t tolerate your behavior. weren’t
Paul is unemployed. He would be happier if he founded a job. found
He doesn’t want to do the exam. But he could enter university if he’d pass it. he passed
I don’t know his phone number. I’ll text him if I knew it. I’d text
They wouldn’t travel to Egypt if they can’t stand hot weather. couldn’t stand
If I were you, I should listen to your parents. would listen

5. Bài tập viết lại câu sử dụng câu điều kiện loại 2

What would you wish if you ………………. three wishes?
□ have □ had
Tim ……………………………………… if he asked for a pay-rise.
□ wouldn’t be fired □ wasn’t fired
Suppose you had to marry Rachel, what ………………………………… first?
□ would you do □ you would do
I wouldn’t accept the job on condition that I ……………………………………………. very early.
□ had to get up □ would have to get up
If we …………… a TV set, we could watch the Olympic games.
□ buy □ bought
He’d go with us in case we …………………………… help.
□ needed □ would need
If the flowers were dry, ………………………………….. them?
□ will you water □ would you water
We would deliver the parcel today on condition that you ……………….. extra charge.
□ paid □ payed
We would support your project provided that you ………………………… it till the end of this year.
□ finished □ finish
If you gave me your address, I ………………….. send someone to have a look at it.
□ will be able □ could

Đáp án:

What would you wish if you had three wishes?
Tim wouldn’t be fired if he asked for a pay-rise.
Suppose you had to marry Rachel, what would you do first?
I wouldn’t accept the job on condition that I had to get up very early.
If we bought a TV set, we could watch the Olympic games.
He’d go with us in case we needed help.
If the flowers were dry, would you water them?
We would deliver the parcel today on condition that you paid extra charge.
We would support your project provided that you finished it till the end of this year.
If you gave me your address, I could send someone to have a look at it.

6. Sử dụng các từ gợi ý để hoàn thành các câu điều kiện lại 2

Ví dụ:
I’d play with you ………………………………………………………………………
help me | with the housework | you | if
I’d play with you if you helped me with the housework.
_____________________________________________________

I wouldn’t go there ………………………………………………. .
be | I | if | you
……………………………………………………………………., we’d catch an express train.
to Paris | have | suppose | to travel | we
……………………………………………………………. if you didn’t commit it?
a crime | you | to | admit
Jim would be happier ……………………………………………………………….. .
you | about it | if | not tell him
If you won this match, ………………………………………………………………….?
win | you | the tournament
We should take some coins …………………………………………………………………….
need | in case | a trolley | we | in the shop
…………………………………………………………………………….. if it were cloudy?
go | we | to the beach
We wouldn’t mind your marriage ………………………………………………………………..
get married | in church | you | on condition that
Suppose I wanted to renovate the house, ……………………………………………………………………?
a hand | give me | you
What would you do ……………………………………………………………………………………?
back | he | the money | not give you | if

Đáp án:

I wouldn’t go there if I were you.
Suppose we had to travel to Paris, we’d catch an express train.
Would you admit to a crime if you didn’t commit it?
Jim would be happier if you did not tell him about it.
If you won this match, would you win the tournament?
We should take some coins in case we needed a trolley in the shop.
Would we go to the beach if it were cloudy?
We wouldn’t mind your marriage on condition that you got married in church.
Suppose I wanted to renovate the house, would you give me a hand?
What would you do if he didn’t give you the money back?

7. Bài tập chia động từ sử dụng câu điều kiện loại 2

1. It’s Monday today, but if it ___________________ (be) Saturday, I ______________________ (go) to the beach.
2. I don’t have any money now, but if I ___________________ (have) some, I _________________ (lend) it to you.
3. I have to work tomorrow, but if I ___________________ (be) free, I ___________________ (go) shopping with you.
4. Amy can only speak one language, but if she ________________ (can) speak two languages, she
___________________ (apply) for a job at the Multicultural Center.
5. Sue doesn’t know how to knit. If she ___________________ (know) how to knit, she ____________________ (make)
a sweater for you for your birthday.
6. I don’t own a pair of skis. If I ________________ (have) skis, I __________________ (go) skiing with you tomorrow.
7. I can’t understand what he’s saying. If he ___________________ (speak) more clearly, I ____________________
(understand) more.
8. We are not going to buy that house, but if it ______________________ (be) a little cheaper, we
____________________ (buy) it.
9. He is not going to pass his exam. If he ______________________ (study) harder, he _____________________ (pass).
10. John has a lot of car accidents. If he _____________________ (drive) more carefully, he _______________________
(have) fewer accidents.
11. Beth eats a lot of junk food. If she _____________________ (eat) healthier food, she ____________________ (lose)
weight.
12. Robert smokes a lot. If he ______________________ (quit) smoking, his cough _______________ (get) better.
13. Frank is always tired. If he _____________________ (go) to bed earlier every night, he ______________________
(feel) much better.

8. Chọn câu trả lời đúng nhất sử dụng câu điều kiện loại 2

1. If I were hungry, I __________________________ a sandwich.
a) make
b) will make
c) would make
2. I would buy a new car if I __________________________ more money.
a) had
b) have
c) will have
3. If he __________________________ his homework everyday, he would get better marks.
a) does
b) did
c) will do
4. If our parents were here, they __________________________ us what to do.
a) told
b) would tell
c) tell
5. I would help her if she __________________________ me.
a) will ask
b) asked
c) asks
6. If I found a $20 dollar bill on the street, I __________________________ it.
a) will keep
b) kept
c) would keep
7. I __________________________ to your party on Saturday if I didn’t have to work.
a) came
b) would come
c) will come
8. I would call them if I __________________________ their telephone number.
a) knew
b) know
c) will know

Bài viết trên của chúng tôi với đã khái quát tất cả kiến thức liên quan cấu trúc câu điều kiện loại 2 – Công thức, cách dùng, bài tập áp dụng từ cơ bản đến nâng cao. Chúng tôi rất mong nhận được những đóng góp ý kiến quý báu từ quý thầy cô và các bạn học sinh sinh viên.