Câu điều kiện loại 1- Công thức, cách dùng, bài tập áp dụng

Để diễn tả  sự việc có thật, nhưng là sự việc có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai người ta dùng cấu trúc câu điều kiện loại 1. Bài viết hôm nay chúng tôi giới thiệu một cách tổng quát câu điều kiện loại 1- Công thức, cách dùng, bài tập áp dụng.

Câu điều kiện LOẠI 1 [Ngữ pháp tiếng Anh cơ bản – Các loại câu #10]

Mục lục

Ý nghĩa câu điều kiện loại 1

Câu điều kiện loại 1 là câu điều kiện có thực ở hiện tại, diễn tả một sự việc có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai.

Công thức ( cấu trúc) câu điều kiện loại 1

  •  If + S + V (hiện tại), S + will + V (nguyên mẫu)

Câu điều kiện loại 1 có hai mệnh đề

  • Mệnh đề If sử dụng thì hiện tại đơn- Động từ được chia ở hiện tại đơn.
  • Mệnh đề chính sử dụng thì tương lai đơn- Động từ được chia ở dạng nguyên mẫu.

Ngoài ra, “will” còn có thể thay bằng “must/ should/ have to/ ought to/ can/ may” trong một số trường hợp.

Cách dùng câu điều kiện loại 1

1. Câu điều kiện loại 1 dùng để chỉ sự việc có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai

Example:

If I get up early in the morning, I will go to my company on time.
(Nếu tôi dậy sớm vào buổi sáng, tôi sẽ đến công ty đúng giờ.)

bai-tap-cau-dieu-kien-loai-1-1
If I get up early in the morning, I will go to my company on time

2. Câu điều kiện loại 1 có thể sử dụng để yêu cầu, đề nghị và gợi ý:

Example:
If you feel hard, I will help you do that.
( Nếu bạn cảm thấy vất vả, tôi sẽ giúp bạn làm điều đó.)

3. Câu điều kiện loại 1 dùng để cảnh báo hoặc đe dọa

Example:
I you come here, he will be glad of you.
( Nếu bạn đến đây, anh ấy sẽ rất vui vì bạn)

4. Sử dụng Unless với câu điều kiện loại 1

Trong câu điều kiện loại 1, diễn tả một tình huống có thể xảy ra trong tương lai, ta có thể sử dụng cả Unless và If not thay thế nhau.

Cấu trúc chung:

  • Unless + S + V (simple present), S + will/can/shall + V

Example:
You will fail the examination unless you study hard.

You will fail the examination if you do not study hard.

(Bạn sẽ trượt kỳ thi trượt kỳ thi trừ khi bạn/ nếu bạn không học tập chăm chỉ.)

5. Đảo ngữ trong câu điều kiện loại 1

  • Should + S + (not) + V( nguyên mẫu)

Example:
If he has free time, he’ll play tennis. → Should he have free time, he’ll play tennis

6. Các động từ tình thái can, may, might, should, ought to, have to, must,… CÓ thể được dùng trong mệnh đề chính (main clause) để nói đến khả năng, sự chắc chắn, sự cho phép, sự bắt buộc hoặc sự cần thiết.

– If it rains, we are going to stay home.

(Nếu trời mưa, chúng tôi sẽ ỏ nhà.)

– If you need a ticket, I can get you one.

(Nếu bạn cần vé tôi có thể mua cho bạn một tấm.)

– If Matthew goes to a job interview, he should wear/ ought to wear a tie.

(Nếu Matthew đi phỏng vấn xin việc, anh ấy nên đeo cà vạt.)

– If you want to see clearly, you must wear your glasses.

(Nếu bạn muốn thấy rỗ, bạn phải mang kính)

– If Henry jogs regularly, he may/ might lose weight.

(Nếu Henry chạy bộ thường xuyên, anh ấy có thể giám cân)

7. Đôi khi chúng ta có thể dùng should trong mệnh đề điều kiện (If-clause) để gợi ý một điều gì đó không chắc chắn.

– If you should change your mind, please phone me.

(Hãy gọi diện cho tôi nếu bạn đổi ý)

– If anyone should call, please take a message.

(Nếu có ai gọi đến, vui long ghi lại lời nhắn)

*Lưu ý:

Không dùng will trong mệnh đề điều kiện (If-clause).

– If we hurry, we’ll catch the bus.

[NOT If we’ll hurry, we’ll catch the-bus]

(Nếu vội, chúng ta sẽ đón xe buýt)

Nhưng will có thể được dùng trong mệnh đề điẻu kiện khi ta đưa ra lời yêu cầu. If you’ll just wait a moment, I’ll find someone to help you.

(Vui lòng đợi một lát, tôi sẽ tìm người đến giúp.)

XEM THÊM

 

Bài tập câu điều kiện loại 1

1.  Điền dạng động từ đúng vào chỗ trống.
Supply the suitable forms of the verbs in brackets.

1. If it rains tomorrow, we ____ (stay) at home.
2. If Walter ____(get) the job, he can earn a lot of money.
3. If it ____(not rain) this afternoon, we will play soccer.
4. If I _____(see) Emily, I will give her the book.
5. If you don’t hurry, we ____(be) late for class.
6. If Helen drives carefully, she _____(not have) any accidents.
7. If you _____(mail) the letter now, he may receive it on Friday.
8. He will go to the pharmacy if he ____(need) some medicine.
9. If Robin ____(drink) too much coffee, he will feel ill.
10. If you see Rachel, ____(tell) her to visit my sister.

Đáp án

1. will stay
2. gets
3. doesn’t rain
4. see
5. will be
6. won’t have
7. mail
8. needs
9. drinks
10. tell

2. Bài tập chia động từ trong ngoặc sử dụng câu điều kiện loại 1

1. If you (send) ____this letter now, she (receive) _____will receive it tomorrow.
2. If I (do) _____this test, I (improve) _____my English.
3. If I (find) _____your ring, I (give) _____it back to you.
4. Peggy (go) _____shopping if she (have) _____time in the afternoon.
5. Simon (go) _____to London next week if he (get) _____a cheap flight.
6. If her boyfriend (phone / not) _____today, she (leave) _____him.
7. If they (study / not) _____harder, they (pass / not) _____the exam.
8. If it (rain) _____tomorrow, I (have to / not) _____water the plants.
9. You (be able/ not) _____to sleep if you (watch) _____this scary film.
10. Susan (can / move / not) _____into the new house if it (be / not) _____ready on time.

Đáp án:

1. If you send this letter now, she will receive it tomorrow.
2. If I do this test, I will improve my English.
3. If I find your ring, I will give it back to you.
4. Peggy will go shopping if she has time in the afternoon.
5. Simon will go to London next week if he gets a cheap flight.
6. If her boyfriend does not phone today, she will leave him.
7. If they do not study harder, they will not pass the exam.
8. If it rains tomorrow, I will not have to water the plants.
9. You will not be able to sleep if you watch this scary film.
10. Susan cannot move into the new house if it is not ready on time.

3. Sử dụng cấu trúc câu điều kiện loại một để hoàn thành các câu bài tập bên dưới

1. If Caroline and Sue (prepare)_____ the salad, Phil (decorate)_____ the house.
2. If Sue (cuts)_____ the onions for the salad, Caroline (peel)_____ the mushrooms.
3. Jane (hoover)_____ the sitting room if Aaron and Tim (move) the furniture.
4. If Bob (tidies) up the kitchen, Anita will (clean) the toilet.
5. Elaine ( buy)____ the drinks if somebody (helps)____ her carry the bottles.
6. If Alan and Rebecca (organize)____ the food, Mary and Conor (make)____ the sandwiches.
7. If Bob (looks)____ after the barbecue, Sue (let)____ the guests in.
8. Frank (play)____ the DJ if the others (bring)____ along their CDs.
9. Alan (mix) the drinks if Jane (gives) him some of her cocktail recipes.
10. If they all (do)____ their best, the party (be) ____great.

Đáp án:

1 If Caroline and Sue prepare the salad, Phil will decoratethe house.
2 If Sue cuts the onions for the salad, Caroline will peelthe mushrooms.
3 Jane will hoover the sitting room if Aaron and Tim movethe furniture.
4 If Bob tidies up the kitchen, Anita will clean the toilet.
5 Elaine will buy the drinks if somebody helps her carry the bottles.
6 If Alan and Rebecca organize the food, Mary and Conor will make the sandwiches.
7 If Bob looks after the barbecue, Sue will letthe guests in.
8 Frank will play the DJ if the others bring along their CDs.
9 Alan will mix the drinks if Jane giveshim some of her cocktail recipes.
10 If they all do their best, the party will be great.

4. Viết lại các câu sau sử dụng câu điều kiện loại 1

Example
My car will be out of order. I won’t drive you there.
If my car is out of order, I won’t drive you there.

______________________________________________________________

We’ll have a nap after lunch. We’ll be sleepy.
We’ll have a nap after lunch if we ……………………. sleepy.
I won’t know his phone number. I won’t be able to give him a ring.
If I …………………………… his phone number, I won’t be able to give him a ring.
John will be at work. He won’t go with us.
As long as John ………………… at work, he won’t go with us.
He won’t like the monitor. He can send it back to the shop.
Provided that he …………………. the monitor, he can send it back to the shop.
We won’t help you. We won’t have enough time.
We won’t help you if we …………………. enough time.
You will choose some other hotel. You won’t be happy about it.
You will choose some other hotel unless you …………….. happy about it.
Take up this course. You will like it.
If you …………………….. this course, you will like it.
Don’t tell your parents. They will be surprised.
Unless you ……………………….. your parents, they will be surprised.
You won’t eat anything. You’ll be hungry.
If you …………………………. anything, you’ll be hungry.
We’ll set off tomorrow. The weather will be good.
We’ll set off tomorrow on condition that the weather ………………….. good.

Đáp án:

We’ll have a nap after lunch if we are sleepy.
If I don’t know his phone number, I won’t be able to give him a ring.
As long as John is at work, he won’t go with us.
Provided that he doesn’t like the monitor, he can send it back to the shop.
We won’t help you if we don’t have enough time.
You will choose some other hotel unless you are happy about it.
If you take up this course, you will like it.
Unless you tell your parents, they will be surprised.
If you don’t eat anything, you’ll be hungry.
We’ll set off tomorrow on condition that the weather is good.

5. Hoàn thành các câu sau sử dụng động từ trong ngoặc và câu điều kiện loại 1

We …………………………… dinner if we arrive so late. (not have)
I’ll sell the piano in case I …………………………… some money. (need)
Sue will be unhappy if she ………………………….. any present. (not get)
I can lend you some money on condition that you …………………………… it back soon. (give)
I ………………………….. you know if you don’t take you mobile phone with you. (not let)
Even if I …………………….. to talk to him, he won’t listen. (try)
It won’t be possible unless they ………………………… us. (support)
If you ………………………….. a bath, there will be no hot water left. (have)
She won’t be slim if she ……………………………… eating so much chocolate. (not stop)
The tea …………………………….. strong enough if you don’t use three teabags. (not be)

Đáp án:

We will not have dinner if we arrive so late.
I’ll sell the piano in case I need some money.
Sue will be unhappy if she does not get any present.
I can lend you some money on condition that you give it back soon.
I will not let you know if you don’t take you mobile phone with you.
Even if I try to talk to him, he won’t listen.
It won’t be possible unless they support us.
If you have a bath, there will be no hot water left.
She won’t be slim if she does not stop eating so much chocolate.
The tea will not be strong strong enough if you don’t use three teabags.

6. Tìm các lỗi sai trong câu, đánh dấu và sữa lỗi ngay bên phải – Sử dụng câu điều kiện loại 1

Ví dụ:
If you will help me, we will finish in time. help____________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

Sarah doesn’t come to the party if you don’t invite her. _______________
If we’ll order the new TV set tomorrow, we’ll get it on Friday. _______________
Nobody will like you if you won’t change your behavior. _______________
You won’t be able to use grammar correctly unless you don’t understand it. _______________
As long as you won’t make a mess in my bedroom, you can share it with me. _______________
You’ll get a discount providing you’ll have their loyalty card. _______________
Suppose they will win the match, will they be in the finals? _______________
I get rid of my old car if you don’t need it. _______________
We’ll take some sandwiches with us in case we’ll be hungry. _______________
He’ll speak to us on condition that we won’t mention his name in the article. _______________

Đáp án:

Sarah doesn’t come to the party if you don’t invite her. won’t come
If we’ll order the new TV set tomorrow, we’ll get it on Friday. we order
Nobody will like you if you won’t change your behavior. don’t change
You won’t be able to use grammar correctly unless you don’t understand it. you understand
As long as you won’t make a mess in my bedroom, you can share it with me. don’t make
You’ll get a discount providing you’ll have their loyalty card. you have
Suppose they will win the match, will they be in the finals? they win
I get rid of my old car if you don’t need it. I’ll get rid
We’ll take some sandwiches with us in case we’ll be hungry. we are
He’ll speak to us on condition that we won’t mention his name in the article. don’t mention

7. Bài tập sử dụng câu điều kiện loại 1 để viết lại các câu sau

Give it to him if you …………………………… him.
□ meet □ will meet
Unless she ………………………………. a rest, she’ll have a headache.
□ has □ doesn’t have
Even if I I drive fast, we …………………………………………….. on time, I’m afraid.
□ don’t come □ won’t come
What will you do if Bob ……………………………………?
□ will refuse □ refuses
If we ……………………….. a car, we can visit a lot of places.
□ rent □ will rent
He’ll join us on Monday as long as he …………………………… a day off.
□ ‘ll have □ he has
If the weather is nice tomorrow, we ……………………………… the trees.
□ plant □ ‘ll plant
You will get the job on condition that you ………………………………….. hard.
□ work □ will work
The plane will take off on time provided that the runway ……………….. free.
□ is □ will be
As long as there’s a suitable train, we ……………………….. there before dinner.
□ are □ ‘ll be

Đáp án:

Give it to him if you meet him.
Unless she has a rest, she’ll have a headache.
Even if I I drive fast, we won’t come on time, I’m afraid.
What will you do if Bob refuses?
If we rent a car, we can visit a lot of places.
He’ll join us on Monday as long as he has a day off.
If the weather is nice tomorrow, we‘ll plant the trees.
You will get the job on condition that you work hard.
The plane will take off on time provided that the runway is free.
As long as there’s a suitable train, we‘ll be there before dinner.

8. Sử dụng những từ có sẵn viết lại các câu điều kiện loại 1 sau

Ví dụ:
I’ll play with you ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
help | housework | you | as long as | me | the | with
I’ll play with you as long as you help me with the housework.

__________________________________________________________________________________

Will you tell me, ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………?
(go | out | if | you)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….., I’ll phone her.
(not reply | my | to | Sarah | email | if)
………………………………………………………………………………………………….., we’ll catch the 10 o’clock train.
(plane | the | suppose | time | on | land)
Nobody will believe you …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
(always | unless | truth | you | tell | the)
………………………………………………………………………………………………… , how many chairs will we need?
(come | party | everybody | providing | the | to)
OK, you can drive my car …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
(fast | you | not drive | on condition that)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………, we’ll let you know.
(meeting | for | we | late | if | be | the)
I’ll take my credit card ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
(of | out | in case | run | I | cash)
Your purse will get stolen …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
(careful | you | unless | be)
What will you do ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..?
(his | Peter | not be | | if | office | in)

Đáp án:

Will you tell me, if you go out?
If Sarah doesn’t reply to my email, I’ll phone her.
Suppose the plane lands on time, we’ll catch the 10 o’clock train.
Nobody will believe you unless you always tell the truth.
Providing everybody comes to the party , how many chairs will we need?
OK, you can drive my car on condition that you don’t drive fast.
If we are late for the meeting, we’ll let you know.
I’ll take my credit card in case I run out of cash.
Your purse will get stolen unless you are careful.
What will you do if Peter isn’t in his office?

Bài viết trên của chúng tôi với đã khái quát tất cả kiến thức liên quan cấu trúc câu điều kiện loại 1 – Công thức, cách dùng, bài tập áp dụng từ cơ bản đến nâng cao. Chúng tôi rất mong nhận được những đóng góp ý kiến quý báu từ quý thầy cô và các bạn học sinh sinh viên.

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