Trong tiếng anh, để diễn tả muốn dành bao nhiêu thời gian, tiền bạc công sức để làm một việc gì đó. Bài viết hôm nay sẽ đề cập đến cấu trúc Spend time và It take – Ý nghĩa, cách dùng và bài tập áp dụng của chúng. Chúng ta hãy cùng nhau tìm hiểu nhé.
Cấu trúc Spend
Dùng với động từ
- S + spend + time/money + V-ing.
– Ý nghĩa dành thời gian tiền bạc làm gì
Example:
- I spent a lot of time growing my children.
( tôi dành rất nhiều thời gian để nuôi dạy những đứa con của tôi)

- I’ve spent years learning English.
( tôi đã dành nhiều năm để học tiếng anh) - I spent an hour at my class cleaning the door.
( Tôi dành cả tiếng đồng hồ trong lớp để vệ sinh cửa lớp) - I’ve just spent $1000 buying the new phone.
( tôi đã vừa tốn cả nghìn đô để mua một chiếc điện thoại mới).
Dùng với danh từ
- S + spend + time/money + on + N
– Ý nghĩa: dành thời gian vào việc gì
Example:
Milley spends a lot of money on shoes. ( Milley tốn nhiều tiền vào những đôi dày).
I spent a lot of money on my house. ( Tôi tốn nhiều tiền vào ngôi nhà của tôi)
Cấu trúc It take
- It takes (sb) + time + to do Something
– Ý nghía: tốn bao nhiêu thời gian để làm gì.
Example:
It takes me 45 minutes to go to my company. ( Tôi mấy 45 phút để đi đến công ty của tôi).
It takes me 1 hour to do my exercise. (Tôi mất một giờ đồng hồ để tập thể dục).
I takes me 1 hour to do my homework. ( Tôi mấy cả giờ đồng hồ để làm bài tập về nhà).

Một số lỗi thường gặp khi sử dụng cấu trúc it takes
Example:
It takes me six eggs to make this cake.
=> It takes six eggs to make this cake.
Bài tập:
1. Đọc đoạn văn và hoàn thành các câu sau với ” it takes…”
Tomorrow, I will be pressed for time, but if I schedule things, I can get them all done. I’ll need to do a few extra things.
At 7:30, I will get up, shower, and get dressed. (30 minutes)
Next, I will eat breakfast, eat and read through my email. (30 minutes)
After that, I will have to drive to the gas station and fill up my car. (15 gallons / 56 liters)
The fuel will probably cost me around $60 / 80€.
Then, I will stop by the bank to get some cash ($200). I need to pay my utilities bill tomorrow. ($150)
Next, I will drive to work and spend the morning and afternoon in a company-review meeting.
We will need several cups of coffee to stay alert.
I will need a lot of concentration to get through such a long meetings.
At five, I will go to the gym and lift weights for a couple hours with friends.
I’ll make an omelet for dinner(a few eggs) That will satisfy my appetite.
I should spend just a few minutes on the computer, but I usually end up spending over an hour reading my email and catching up with friends.
Last, I will fall into bed and probably be asleep in a few seconds.
Exercise
1. ______to get up, shower, and get dressed.
2. _____eat breakfast, eat and read through my email.
3. _____my car.
4. _____to refuel my car.
5._____ pay the utilities bill .
6. _____to complete the company-review meeting.
7. _____It usually takes a few cups of coffee .
8. _____to get through a company-review meeting.
9._____ to lift weights.
10. to prepare a good-sized omelet for dinner.
11. _____to read my email and catch up with friends.
12. _____to fall asleep.
Đáp án:
1 It takes me
2 It takes 20 minutes to
3 It takes 15 gallons (57 l.) to fill up my car.
4 It takes sixty dollars (An object pronoun is only used with time expressions.)
5 It will take about $150 (Use “will” to make a prediction or estimate. “Be going” can also be used for an activity in the immediate future.)
6 It will take all day
7 to stay alert.
8 It takes a lot of concentration
9 It takes a firm hold (noun/noun phrase)
10 It takes a few eggs
11 It takes an hour for me (“for me” usually follows the quantity noun)
12 It usually takes just a few minutes
2. Đọc và tìm lỗi sai sử dụng It takes…
My little brother, Jimmy is so slow in the morning. It’s taking him forever to get dressed for school. He sits and stares at his clothes, but he doesn’t put them on. It takes him a lot of energy just to get his pants and shirt on.
For me, it takes me five minutes to eat my breakfast. It takes for him fifteen minutes to eat his breakfast — five minutes to choose it and ten minutes to eat it.
Then, it takes him a lot of time in the bathroom to brush his teeth. Mom always reminds him to hurry up because it takes us a while to get to school if there is traffic.
My mom takes a lot of patience to wait for him all the time. It takes a big brother like me to look after him. — Jessie
1.My little brother is so slow in the morning. It’s taking him forever to get dressed for school.
Incorrect. The progressive is not normally used with this expression.
2.He sits and stares at his clothes, but he doesn’t put them on. It takes him a lot of energy just to get his pants and shirt on.
Incorrect. It takes a lot of energy… (Remove the pronoun “him”, which is only used with a time expression.) or It takes a lot of energy for him to put…
3.For me, it takes me five minutes to eat my breakfast
Incorrect. For me, it takes five minutes… (emphasis) / It takes me five minutes… / It takes five minutes for me… (Remove the extra pronoun.)
4.It takes for him fifteen minutes to eat his breakfast.
Incorrect. Change it to “It takes him… or “It takes fifteen minutes form him…”
5.Then, it takes him a lot of time in the bathroom to brush his teeth.
Incorrect/ awkward sounding. It takes him X minutes to… / He takes a lot of time to… (no need to use the “It takes”)
6.Mom always reminds him to hurry up because it takes us a while to get to school if there is traffic.
Incorrect. It takes a lot of patience for Mom to wait… / My mom has a lot of patience to wait…
7. My mom takes a lot of patience to wait for him all the time.
Incorrect. It takes a lot of patience for Mom to wait… / My mom has a lot of patience to wait…
8.It takes a bigger brother like me to look after him. — Jessie
Incorrect, but cute. Usually a quantity noun is used in this expression: It takes the whole family to look after him. / It takes a lot of attention to…
3. Hoàn thành những câu sau sử dụng Spend/Spend time/Spend money

Học một ngôn ngữ mới là trở thành một con người mới. Ngôn ngữ là nguồn sống của tâm hồn, là nguyên liệu cho tư duy và là sự thể hiện của tư duy phát triển.
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